Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People's Congress and to the Local People's Congresses at Various Levels (Amended in 2025)
Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People's Congress and to the Local People's Congresses at Various Levels (Amended in 2025)
Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People's Congress and to the Local People's Congresses at Various Levels (Amended in 2025)
Order of the President of the People's Republic of China No. 45
March 11, 2025
(Adopted at the Fifth Session of the Seventh National People's Congress on April 3, 1992; amended for the first time in accordance with the Decision on Amending Certain Laws adopted at the 10th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eleventh National People's Congress on August 27, 2009; amended for the second time in accordance with the Decision on Amending the Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People's Congress and to the Local People's Congresses at Various Levels adopted at the 17th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eleventh National People's Congress on October 28, 2010; amended for the third time in accordance with the Decision on Amending the Organic Law of the Local People's Congresses and Local People's Governments of the People's Republic of China, the Electoral Law of the National People's Congress and Local People's Congresses of the People's Republic of China, and the Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People's Congress and to the Local People's Congresses at Various Levels, adopted at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on August 29, 2015; and amended for the fourth time in accordance with the Decision on Amending the Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People's Congress and to the Local People's Congresses at Various Levels adopted at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on March 11, 2025)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Work of Deputies During a Session of the People's Congress at the Corresponding Level
Chapter III Activities of Deputies When the People's Congress at the Corresponding Level Is Out of Session
Chapter IV Support for the Performance of Deputy Duties
Chapter V Supervision of Deputies
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution to ensure that deputies to the National People's Congress and deputies to the local people's congresses at various levels exercise their functions and powers, fulfill their duties and play their roles as deputies according to the law.
Article 2 Deputies to the National People's Congress and to the local people's congresses at various levels shall be elected according to the law.
Deputies to the National People's Congress are members of the highest authority of state power, and deputies to the local people's congresses at various levels are members of the authorities of state power at corresponding levels.
The term of office for deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at various levels shall be five years, commencing from the first session of each respective congress and ending at the first session of the succeeding congress at the same level.
Article 3 Deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at all various shall uphold the leadership of the Communist Party of China and be guided by Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Important Thought of "Three Represents", the Scientific Outlook on Development, and Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era; they shall unswervingly follow the political development path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, exercise their functions and powers as conferred upon their respective people's congresses by the Constitution and laws, adhere to the principle of democratic centralism, and participate in the exercise of state power.
Article 4 Deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at various levels shall take upholding, improving, and ensuring the effective functioning of the people's congress system as their duty; they shall remain politically steadfast, serve the people, respect the rule of law, promote democracy, and diligently fulfill their responsibilities; they shall actively perform their duties and contribute to the building of people's congresses at various levels and their standing committees into political entities that consciously uphold the leadership of the Communist Party of China, state power authorities that ensure the people are the masters of the country, working bodies that fully shoulder all duties entrusted by the Constitution and laws, and representative institutions that maintain close ties with the people.
Article 5 Deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at various levels shall adhere to a people-centered approach, practice whole-process people's democracy, always maintain close ties with the people, faithfully represent the people's interests and will, and consciously accept public oversight.
Article 6 Deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at various levels shall be loyal to the Constitution, uphold its spirit, safeguard its authority, and safeguard the unity and dignity of the socialist legal system; they shall contribute to advancing the comprehensive rule of law and building a higher-level socialist country under rule of law.
Article 7 A deputy shall enjoy the following rights:
(1) attending sessions of the people's congress at the corresponding level as well as participating in deliberations on all bills and proposals, reports and other subject matters, and expressing their opinions;
(2) jointly putting forward bills and proposals, written inquiries, and proposals for removal from office in accordance with the law;
(3) putting forward suggestions, criticisms and opinions on all the work;
(4) participating in all elections of the people's congress at the corresponding level;
(5) participating in the casting of votes regarding all matters to be decided by the people's congress at the corresponding level;
(6) participating in the activities that are uniformly organized for performing duties as a deputy during the period when the people's congress is out of session;
(7) obtaining information materials and various kinds of support required for performing his duties in accordance with the law; and
(8) other rights stipulated by the law.
Article 8 A deputy shall perform the following duties:
(1) playing an exemplary role in abiding by the Constitution and the law, and keeping state secrets, as well as assisting in the implementation of the Constitution and the law in the production, work and other activities in which he or she participates;
(2) attending sessions of the people's congress at the corresponding level on time, conscientiously deliberating on all bills and proposals, reports and other subject matters, expressing opinions, participating in election and voting, obeying disciplines, and effectively performing all tasks during the sessions;
(3) taking the lead in implementing the guidelines set forth in the sessions of the people's congress at the corresponding level;
(4) actively participating in the activities that are unitarily organized for performance of duties, such as inspection tours, investigation and research on specific issues, and law implementation inspections;
(5) intensifying the learning of duty performance, enhancing investigation and research, and continually raising the capabilities in performing his or her duties;
(6) maintaining close contact with the voters of the electoral district or unit that elected him or her as well as the people and the general public, heeding their opinions and demands, conveying them, and striving to serve the people;
(7) taking the lead in practicing socialist core values, forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, consciously abiding by social ethics, and being honest and self-disciplined, just and upright, as well as diligent and responsible; and
(8) other duties stipulated by the law.
Article 9 For a deputy, fulfilling his or her work when the people's congress at the corresponding level is in session and carrying out activities when the people's congress at the corresponding level is out of session in accordance with the provisions of this Law, are both his or her performance of deputy duties.
The state and society shall provide support for deputies in their performance of deputy duties.
Deputies are still engaged in their work respectively. Deputies shall properly arrange their work and give priority to the performance of duties as a deputy when attending sessions of the people's congress at the corresponding level, as well as participating in the activities that are unitarily organized for performing duties as a deputy during the period when the people's congress is out of session.
Article 10 Deputies shall be subject to supervision by the voters of the electoral districts or units that elected them.
Article 11 The standing committees of people's congresses at or above the county level, as well as the presidiums of the people's congresses of townships, ethnic townships, and towns, shall keep close ties with deputies, enrich the content and forms for deputies to have contact with the people, strengthen capacity building for deputies, support and ensure that deputies perform their duties in accordance with the law, and give full play to their roles.
People's governments, supervisory commissions, people's courts, and people's procuratorates at all levels shall strengthen their ties with deputies, listen to their opinions and suggestions, and enhance and improve their work in various aspects.
Article 12 The standing committees of people's congresses at or above the county level shall establish deputy work committees as their working bodies.
Chapter II Work of Deputies During a Session of the People's Congress at the Corresponding Level
Article 13 Deputies shall attend sessions of the people's congress at the corresponding level on time.
......
Order of the President of the People's Republic of China No. 45
March 11, 2025
(Adopted at the Fifth Session of the Seventh National People's Congress on April 3, 1992; amended for the first time in accordance with the Decision on Amending Certain Laws adopted at the 10th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eleventh National People's Congress on August 27, 2009; amended for the second time in accordance with the Decision on Amending the Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People's Congress and to the Local People's Congresses at Various Levels adopted at the 17th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eleventh National People's Congress on October 28, 2010; amended for the third time in accordance with the Decision on Amending the Organic Law of the Local People's Congresses and Local People's Governments of the People's Republic of China, the Electoral Law of the National People's Congress and Local People's Congresses of the People's Republic of China, and the Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People's Congress and to the Local People's Congresses at Various Levels, adopted at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on August 29, 2015; and amended for the fourth time in accordance with the Decision on Amending the Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People's Congress and to the Local People's Congresses at Various Levels adopted at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on March 11, 2025)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Work of Deputies During a Session of the People's Congress at the Corresponding Level
Chapter III Activities of Deputies When the People's Congress at the Corresponding Level Is Out of Session
Chapter IV Support for the Performance of Deputy Duties
Chapter V Supervision of Deputies
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution to ensure that deputies to the National People's Congress and deputies to the local people's congresses at various levels exercise their functions and powers, fulfill their duties and play their roles as deputies according to the law.
Article 2 Deputies to the National People's Congress and to the local people's congresses at various levels shall be elected according to the law.
Deputies to the National People's Congress are members of the highest authority of state power, and deputies to the local people's congresses at various levels are members of the authorities of state power at corresponding levels.
The term of office for deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at various levels shall be five years, commencing from the first session of each respective congress and ending at the first session of the succeeding congress at the same level.
Article 3 Deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at all various shall uphold the leadership of the Communist Party of China and be guided by Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Important Thought of "Three Represents", the Scientific Outlook on Development, and Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era; they shall unswervingly follow the political development path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, exercise their functions and powers as conferred upon their respective people's congresses by the Constitution and laws, adhere to the principle of democratic centralism, and participate in the exercise of state power.
Article 4 Deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at various levels shall take upholding, improving, and ensuring the effective functioning of the people's congress system as their duty; they shall remain politically steadfast, serve the people, respect the rule of law, promote democracy, and diligently fulfill their responsibilities; they shall actively perform their duties and contribute to the building of people's congresses at various levels and their standing committees into political entities that consciously uphold the leadership of the Communist Party of China, state power authorities that ensure the people are the masters of the country, working bodies that fully shoulder all duties entrusted by the Constitution and laws, and representative institutions that maintain close ties with the people.
Article 5 Deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at various levels shall adhere to a people-centered approach, practice whole-process people's democracy, always maintain close ties with the people, faithfully represent the people's interests and will, and consciously accept public oversight.
Article 6 Deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at various levels shall be loyal to the Constitution, uphold its spirit, safeguard its authority, and safeguard the unity and dignity of the socialist legal system; they shall contribute to advancing the comprehensive rule of law and building a higher-level socialist country under rule of law.
Article 7 A deputy shall enjoy the following rights:
(1) attending sessions of the people's congress at the corresponding level as well as participating in deliberations on all bills and proposals, reports and other subject matters, and expressing their opinions;
(2) jointly putting forward bills and proposals, written inquiries, and proposals for removal from office in accordance with the law;
(3) putting forward suggestions, criticisms and opinions on all the work;
(4) participating in all elections of the people's congress at the corresponding level;
(5) participating in the casting of votes regarding all matters to be decided by the people's congress at the corresponding level;
(6) participating in the activities that are uniformly organized for performing duties as a deputy during the period when the people's congress is out of session;
(7) obtaining information materials and various kinds of support required for performing his duties in accordance with the law; and
(8) other rights stipulated by the law.
Article 8 A deputy shall perform the following duties:
(1) playing an exemplary role in abiding by the Constitution and the law, and keeping state secrets, as well as assisting in the implementation of the Constitution and the law in the production, work and other activities in which he or she participates;
(2) attending sessions of the people's congress at the corresponding level on time, conscientiously deliberating on all bills and proposals, reports and other subject matters, expressing opinions, participating in election and voting, obeying disciplines, and effectively performing all tasks during the sessions;
(3) taking the lead in implementing the guidelines set forth in the sessions of the people's congress at the corresponding level;
(4) actively participating in the activities that are unitarily organized for performance of duties, such as inspection tours, investigation and research on specific issues, and law implementation inspections;
(5) intensifying the learning of duty performance, enhancing investigation and research, and continually raising the capabilities in performing his or her duties;
(6) maintaining close contact with the voters of the electoral district or unit that elected him or her as well as the people and the general public, heeding their opinions and demands, conveying them, and striving to serve the people;
(7) taking the lead in practicing socialist core values, forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, consciously abiding by social ethics, and being honest and self-disciplined, just and upright, as well as diligent and responsible; and
(8) other duties stipulated by the law.
Article 9 For a deputy, fulfilling his or her work when the people's congress at the corresponding level is in session and carrying out activities when the people's congress at the corresponding level is out of session in accordance with the provisions of this Law, are both his or her performance of deputy duties.
The state and society shall provide support for deputies in their performance of deputy duties.
Deputies are still engaged in their work respectively. Deputies shall properly arrange their work and give priority to the performance of duties as a deputy when attending sessions of the people's congress at the corresponding level, as well as participating in the activities that are unitarily organized for performing duties as a deputy during the period when the people's congress is out of session.
Article 10 Deputies shall be subject to supervision by the voters of the electoral districts or units that elected them.
Article 11 The standing committees of people's congresses at or above the county level, as well as the presidiums of the people's congresses of townships, ethnic townships, and towns, shall keep close ties with deputies, enrich the content and forms for deputies to have contact with the people, strengthen capacity building for deputies, support and ensure that deputies perform their duties in accordance with the law, and give full play to their roles.
People's governments, supervisory commissions, people's courts, and people's procuratorates at all levels shall strengthen their ties with deputies, listen to their opinions and suggestions, and enhance and improve their work in various aspects.
Article 12 The standing committees of people's congresses at or above the county level shall establish deputy work committees as their working bodies.
Chapter II Work of Deputies During a Session of the People's Congress at the Corresponding Level
Article 13 Deputies shall attend sessions of the people's congress at the corresponding level on time.
......