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Guiding Opinions on Establishing the Mechanism of Nature Reserve Areas with National Parks as a Major Component
Guiding Opinions on Establishing the Mechanism of Nature Reserve Areas with National Parks as a Major Component
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Guiding Opinions on Establishing the Mechanism of Nature Reserve Areas with National Parks as a Major Component
June 26, 2019
Establishing a mechanism of nature reserve areas with national parks as a major component is an important measure to implement Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization and a major reform task put forward by the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China ("CPC"). Nature reserve areas are the core carrier of ecological construction, the precious wealth of the Chinese nation, and an important symbol of Beautiful China, occupying a primary position in safeguarding China's national ecological security. After more than 60 years of efforts, China has established a large number of nature reserve areas of various types and diversified functions at all levels, which play an important role in protecting biodiversity, preserving natural heritage, improving ecological and environmental quality and maintaining national ecological security. However, problems still exist, such as overlapping establishment, management by multiple parties, unclear boundaries, ambiguous powers and responsibilities, and prominent contradictions between protection and development. To speed up the establishment of a mechanism of nature reserve areas with national parks as a major component, provide high-quality ecological products, and promote the construction of Beautiful China, the following opinions are hereby put forward.
I. General Requirements
1. Guiding thought. We shall take Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for the New Era as the guide, comprehensively implement the spirit of the Nineteenth National Congress of the CPC and the second and third plenary sessions of the Nineteenth Central Committee of the CPC, put into practice Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization, conscientiously carry out the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, closely center around making overall planning and pushing forward the "Five-in-One" overall layout and coordinating the promotion of the "Four Comprehensives" strategic layout, firmly establish a new development thinking, aim at protecting nature, serving the people and achieving sustainable development, strengthen top-level design, straighten out the management system, innovate operational mechanisms, enhance supervision and management, improve policy support, and establish a mechanism of nature reserve areas characterized by scientific classification, rational layout, strong protection and effective management, with national parks as a major component, so as to ensure the systematic protection of important natural ecosystems, natural relics, natural landscapes and biodiversity, improve the capacity of ecological product supply, maintain national ecological security, provide ecological support for the construction of Beautiful China and the realization of the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.
2. Basic principles
--Adhere to strict protection, and pass on protection from generation to generation. We shall firmly establish an idea of ecological civilization that respects nature, adapts to nature and protects nature, protect all the places that should be protected, and achieve maximum protection, so that people of the present generation can enjoy the gift of nature and a beautiful homeland of blue skies, clean land and green waters, full of birds' twitter and fragrance of flowers, and leave precious natural heritage to future generations.
--Adhere to rights confirmation according to the law and level-by-level management. In accordance with the idea that mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes and grasses are one living community, we shall reform the old system which is set up by sector, classified by resources and divided by administrative regions, integrate and optimize existing nature reserve areas of all kinds, establish a new classification system, implement the unified setup of nature reserve areas, level-by-level management and area-based control, and achieve effective protection according to the law.
--Adhere to ecology serving the people, and make scientific utilization. We shall put into practice the idea that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, explore new modes of natural conservation and resource utilization, develop an ecological economic system with ecological industrialization and industrial ecology as the main components, and continuously meet the needs of the people of a beautiful ecology and environment, excellent ecological products and high-quality ecological services.
-- Adhere to the leading role of the government and participation of multiple parties. We shall highlight the social public welfare nature of the construction of a mechanism of nature reserve areas, and leverage the entity role of the government in the planning, construction, management, supervision, protection, investment and other aspects of nature reserve areas. We shall establish and improve a long-term mechanism for the government, enterprises, social organizations and the public to participate in natural conservation.
-- Adhere to Chinese characteristics, and keep in line with international practices. Based on China's national conditions, we shall inherit and carry forward the exploration and innovation achievements of natural conservation in China. We shall draw upon international experience, attach importance to connecting with the international natural conservation system, actively participate in global ecological governance, and plan the construction of global ecological civilization together.
3. Overall objectives. We shall establish a mechanism with Chinese characteristics for nature reserve areas, with national parks as a major component, promote the scientific establishment of various types of nature reserve areas, establish new systems, new mechanisms and new modes of natural ecosystem protection, build healthy, stable and efficient natural ecosystems, build a solid foundation for safeguarding national ecological security and achieving sustainable economic and social development, and lay an ecological cornerstone for a socialist modern power of prosperity, democracy, civilization, harmony and beauty.
By 2020, we shall put forward an overall layout and development plan for national parks and all kinds of nature reserve areas, complete the national park system pilot, set up a number of national parks, conduct boundary surveys and erect boundary markers for nature reserve areas and connect them with the red lines of ecological protection, draw up a negative list of construction projects in nature reserve areas, and establish a unified classification and level-by-level management system for nature reserve areas.
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